从一个页面回传数据

在某些场景下,我们需要在回退到上一屏时同时返回一些数据。比如,我们跳转到新的一屏,有两个选项让用户选择,当用户点击某个选项后会返回到第一屏,同时在第一屏可以知道用户选择的信息。

你可以使用 Navigator.pop() 来进行以下步骤:

步骤

#
  1. 创建主屏界面

  2. 添加按钮,点击时跳转到选择界面

  3. 在选择界面显示两个按钮

  4. 当任意一个按钮被点击,关闭选择界面回退到主屏界面

  5. 在主屏界面显示 snackbar ,展示选中的项目

1. 创建主屏界面

#

主屏界面显示一个按钮,当点击按钮时跳转到选择界面。

dart
class HomeScreen extends StatelessWidget {
  const HomeScreen({super.key});

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: const Text('Returning Data Demo'),
      ),
      // Create the SelectionButton widget in the next step.
      body: const Center(
        child: SelectionButton(),
      ),
    );
  }
}

2. 添加按钮,点击时跳转到选择界面

#

接下来,我们创建 SelectionButton 按钮,它有两个功能:

  • 点击时跳转到选择界面

  • 等待选择界面给它返回结果

dart
class SelectionButton extends StatefulWidget {
  const SelectionButton({super.key});

  @override
  State<SelectionButton> createState() => _SelectionButtonState();
}

class _SelectionButtonState extends State<SelectionButton> {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return ElevatedButton(
      onPressed: () {
        _navigateAndDisplaySelection(context);
      },
      child: const Text('Pick an option, any option!'),
    );
  }

  Future<void> _navigateAndDisplaySelection(BuildContext context) async {
    // Navigator.push returns a Future that completes after calling
    // Navigator.pop on the Selection Screen.
    final result = await Navigator.push(
      context,
      // Create the SelectionScreen in the next step.
      MaterialPageRoute(builder: (context) => const SelectionScreen()),
    );
  }
}

3. 在选择界面显示两个按钮

#

现在来构建选择界面,它包含两个按钮,当任意一个按钮被点击的时候,关闭选择页面回退到主屏界面,并让主屏界面知道哪个按钮被点击了。

这一步我们来定义 UI,在下一步完成数据的返回。

dart
class SelectionScreen extends StatelessWidget {
  const SelectionScreen({super.key});

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: const Text('Pick an option'),
      ),
      body: Center(
        child: Column(
          mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
          children: [
            Padding(
              padding: const EdgeInsets.all(8),
              child: ElevatedButton(
                onPressed: () {
                  // Pop here with "Yep"...
                },
                child: const Text('Yep!'),
              ),
            ),
            Padding(
              padding: const EdgeInsets.all(8),
              child: ElevatedButton(
                onPressed: () {
                  // Pop here with "Nope"...
                },
                child: const Text('Nope.'),
              ),
            )
          ],
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}

4. 当任意一个按钮被点击,关闭选择界面回退到主屏界面

#

接下来我们来更新两个按钮的 onPressed() 回调函数,使用 Navigator.pop() 回退界面并返回数据给主屏界面。 Navigator.pop() 方法可以接受第二个参数 result,它是可选的,如果传递了 result,数据将会通过 Future 方法的返回值传递。

Yep 按钮

#
dart
ElevatedButton(
  onPressed: () {
    // Close the screen and return "Yep!" as the result.
    Navigator.pop(context, 'Yep!');
  },
  child: const Text('Yep!'),
)

Nope 按钮

#
dart
ElevatedButton(
  onPressed: () {
    // Close the screen and return "Nope." as the result.
    Navigator.pop(context, 'Nope.');
  },
  child: const Text('Nope.'),
)

5. 在主屏界面显示一个 snackbar,展示选中的项目

#

现在,我们跳转到选择界面并等待返回结果,当结果返回时我们可以做些事情。

在本例中,我们用一个 snackbar 显示结果,我们来更新 SelectionButton 类中的 _navigateAndDisplaySelection() 方法。

dart
// A method that launches the SelectionScreen and awaits the result from
// Navigator.pop.
Future<void> _navigateAndDisplaySelection(BuildContext context) async {
  // Navigator.push returns a Future that completes after calling
  // Navigator.pop on the Selection Screen.
  final result = await Navigator.push(
    context,
    MaterialPageRoute(builder: (context) => const SelectionScreen()),
  );

  // When a BuildContext is used from a StatefulWidget, the mounted property
  // must be checked after an asynchronous gap.
  if (!context.mounted) return;

  // After the Selection Screen returns a result, hide any previous snackbars
  // and show the new result.
  ScaffoldMessenger.of(context)
    ..removeCurrentSnackBar()
    ..showSnackBar(SnackBar(content: Text('$result')));
}

交互式样例

#
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(
    const MaterialApp(
      title: 'Returning Data',
      home: HomeScreen(),
    ),
  );
}

class HomeScreen extends StatelessWidget {
  const HomeScreen({super.key});

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: const Text('Returning Data Demo'),
      ),
      body: const Center(
        child: SelectionButton(),
      ),
    );
  }
}

class SelectionButton extends StatefulWidget {
  const SelectionButton({super.key});

  @override
  State<SelectionButton> createState() => _SelectionButtonState();
}

class _SelectionButtonState extends State<SelectionButton> {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return ElevatedButton(
      onPressed: () {
        _navigateAndDisplaySelection(context);
      },
      child: const Text('Pick an option, any option!'),
    );
  }

  // A method that launches the SelectionScreen and awaits the result from
  // Navigator.pop.
  Future<void> _navigateAndDisplaySelection(BuildContext context) async {
    // Navigator.push returns a Future that completes after calling
    // Navigator.pop on the Selection Screen.
    final result = await Navigator.push(
      context,
      MaterialPageRoute(builder: (context) => const SelectionScreen()),
    );

    // When a BuildContext is used from a StatefulWidget, the mounted property
    // must be checked after an asynchronous gap.
    if (!context.mounted) return;

    // After the Selection Screen returns a result, hide any previous snackbars
    // and show the new result.
    ScaffoldMessenger.of(context)
      ..removeCurrentSnackBar()
      ..showSnackBar(SnackBar(content: Text('$result')));
  }
}

class SelectionScreen extends StatelessWidget {
  const SelectionScreen({super.key});

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: const Text('Pick an option'),
      ),
      body: Center(
        child: Column(
          mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
          children: <Widget>[
            Padding(
              padding: const EdgeInsets.all(8),
              child: ElevatedButton(
                onPressed: () {
                  // Close the screen and return "Yep!" as the result.
                  Navigator.pop(context, 'Yep!');
                },
                child: const Text('Yep!'),
              ),
            ),
            Padding(
              padding: const EdgeInsets.all(8),
              child: ElevatedButton(
                onPressed: () {
                  // Close the screen and return "Nope." as the result.
                  Navigator.pop(context, 'Nope.');
                },
                child: const Text('Nope.'),
              ),
            )
          ],
        ),
      ),
    );
  }
}